Judge Maria Łabor-Soroka was born on 28 January 1932 in Sokołów Podlaski. After having studied civil law at the universities in Toruń and Wrocław, she graduated from the Faculty of Law of the Wrocław University in 1954. In the years 1954-1958 she trained as judge and then was an apprentice in the Voivodship Court in Gdańsk, after which she served as a judge in the county court in Malbork, and in the Voivodship Court in Elblągu from 1975, where she heard civil law cases. As a delegated judge she served on the Civil Chamber of the Supreme Court in 1979, and then, from 1980, she served as a judge on the Voivodship Court in Warsaw hearing civil cases in two-instance proceedings. During that period she was a member of the Polish Lawyers Association. In 1990-1993 she was a member of the National Electoral Commission. She also practised as a public notary from 1994 to 1998.

She is an author of scholarly works on the Constitutional Tribunal, other European constitutional courts, and human rights protection.

Maria Łabor-Soroka was a Judge of the Constitutional Tribunal from 1986 to 1993.